Title: Cognitive sociology and the study of human cognition : a critical point
Source document: Sacra. 2011, vol. 9, iss. 2, pp. 40-57
Extent
40-57
-
ISSN1214-5351 (print)2336-4483 (online)
Stable URL (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/124443
Type: Article
Language
License: Not specified license
Notice: These citations are automatically created and might not follow citation rules properly.
Abstract(s)
I base my paper on review of a leading texts from the field of cognitive sociology with the attempt to compare the implicit notion of cognition with the conceptions elaborated in the field of cognitive science and allied disciplines (e.g. cognitive psychology, cognitive anthropology, cognitive science of religion, cognitive archeology etc.). I will refer mainly to Cerulo (2002a, 2009), DiMaggio (2002), Vaughan (2002), Wakefield (2002) and Zerubavel (1997, 2002, 2003). The exemplar issues will be presented in the course of four steps. First, I problematize the notion of cognition limited merely to habituated behavioral forms related to specific local situations as presented in study by Vaughan (2002). Second, I discuss the excessive focus on local structures of meaning that are conceived as one of the goals of sociology of mind presented by Zerubavel (1997). I point out the problematic position of sociology of mind, since it draws a substantial focus on intersubjectivity defined in contrast to cognitive individualism and universalism. I present this methodological stance in relation to interpretative program of social sciences. Consequently, I show that this type of cognitive theorizing casts vital doubts on results emerging from the field itself as well as on cross-disciplinary relevancy of that investigation. Viable forms of collaboration between cultural theorizing based on interpretative and descriptive methods and cognitive science will be explained throughout the paper as well as in its final conclusion.
References
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[42] Martin, L. H. 2000. "Comparison". In: Braun, W. – McCutcheon, R. T. (Eds.). Guide to the study of religion. London – New York: Cassell, 45–57.
[43] Pecher, D. – Zwaan, R. A. 2005. "Introduction to Grounding Cognition: The Role of Perception and Action in Memory, Language, and Thinking". In: Pecher, D. – Zwaan, R. A. (Eds.). Grounding Cognition: The role of Perception and Action in Memory, Language, and Thinking, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1–8.
[44] Popper, K. R. 1963. Conjectures and Refutations. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
[45] Popper, K. R. 1991. Objective Knowledge: An evolutionary Approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[46] Pyysiäinen, I. 2004. "Do Cultures Exist?". In: Pyysiäinen, I. (Ed.). Magic, Miracles, and Religion: A scientist's Perspective.Oxford: AltaMira Press. 219–231.
[47] Rosch, E. 1978. "Principles of categorization". In: Rosch, E. – Lloyd, B. B. (Eds.). Cognition and Categorization. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 27–48.
[48] Saler, B. 2001. "On what we may believe about beliefs". In: Andersen, J. (Ed.). Religion in Mind: Cognitive Perspectives on Religious Belief, Ritual and Experience. Cambridge University Press. 47–68.
[49] Scheler, M. 1960. Die Wissenformen un die Gesellschaft. Bern: Francke.
[50] Schütz, A. 1973. Collected Papers. Vol. 1, The Problem of Social Reality. Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.
[51] Shore, B. 1996. Culture in Mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[52] Sperber, D. 1994. "The modularity of thought and the epidemiology of representations". In: Hirschfeld, L. – Gelman, S. (Eds.). Mapping the mind: Domain Specificity in Cognition and Culture. New York: Cambridge University Press, 39–68.
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[59] Vaughan, D. 2002. "Signals and Interpretative Work: The role of Culture in a Theory and Practical Action". In: Cerulo, K. A. (Ed.). Culture in Mind: Toward a Sociology of Culture and Cognition. New York: Routledge, 28–54.
[60] Violi, P. 1999. "Semiotics and Cognition". In: Wilson, R. A. – Keil, F. C. (Eds.). The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 744–745.
[61] Wakefield. J. C. 2002. "Fixing a Foucault sandwich: Cognitive Universals and Cultural Particularities in the Concept of Mental Disorders". In: Cerulo, K. A. (Ed.). Culture in Mind: Toward a Sociology of Culture and Cognition. New York: Routledge, 245–266.
[62] Wiebe, D. in press. "Beneath the Surface of History?". In: Martin, L. H. – Sørensen, J. (Eds.). Past Minds: Studies in Cognitive Historiography. Equinox Pub, 167–176.
[63] Zerubavel. E. 1997. Social Mindscapes: And invitation to Cognitive Sociology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
[64] Zerubavel. E. 2002. "The elephant in the Room: Notes on the Social Organization of denial". In: Cerulo, K. A. (Ed.). Culture in Mind: Toward a Sociology of Culture and Cognition. New York: Routledge, 21–27.
[65] Zerubavel. E. 2003. Time Maps: Collective Memory and the Social Shape of the Past. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
[66] Cerulo, K. A. 2009. Culture and Cognition at the Intersection. Date of access: 6th of March, 2011. [http://www.ibiblio.org/culture/?q=node/39].
[2] Antaki, C. 2004. "Reading Minds or Dealing with Interactional Implications?". Theory & Psychology 14, 667–683. | DOI 10.1177/0959354304046178
[3] Baker, L. R. 1999. "Folk Psychology". In: Wilson, R. A. – Keil, F. C. (Eds.). The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 319–320.
[4] Barkow, J. H. 1992. "Introduction: evolutionary Psychology and Conceptual Integration". In: Barkow, J. H. – Cosmides, L. – Tooby J. (Eds.). The adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and Generation of Culture. New York: Oxford University Press, 3–15.
[5] Barsalou, L. W. – Wiemer - Hastings, K. 2005. "Situating Abstract Concepts". In: Pecher, D. – Zwaan, R. A. (Eds.). Grounding Cognition: The role of Perception and Action in Memory, Language, and Thinking. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 129–164.
[6] Berger, P. L. – Luckmann, T. 1991. The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. London: Penguin Books.
[7] Bergesen, A. 2004a. "Durkheim's theory of mental categories: A review of the evidence". Annual Review of Sociology 30, 395–408. | DOI 10.1146/annurev.soc.30.012703.110549
[8] Bergesen, A. 2004b. "Chomsky vs. Mead". Sociological Theory 22, 257–370.
[9] Bourdieu, P. 1990. The Logic of Practice. Cambridge, UK: Polity.
[10] Bourdieu, P. 2000. Outline of a theory of practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[11] Brown, D. E. 1991. Human Universals. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
[12] Boyer, P. 1994. The Naturalness of Religious Ideas: A Cognitive Theory of Religion. Berkeley: University of California Press.
[13] Boyer, P. 1994b. "Cognitive constraints on cultural representations: Natural Ontologies and religious ideas". In: Hirschfeld, L. – Gelman, S. (Eds.). Mapping the mind: Domain Specificity in Cognition and Culture. New York: Cambridge University Press, 391–412.
[14] Boyer, P. 1999. "Cultural Symbolism". In: Wilson, R. A. – Keil, F. C. (Eds.). The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 216.
[15] Boyer, P. 2002. Religion Explained: The Evolutionary Origins of Religious thought. New York: Basic books.
[16] Cerulo, K. A. 1998. Deciphering Violence: The Cognitive Structure of Right and Wrong. New York: Routledge.
[17] Cerulo, K. A. (Ed.) 2002. Culture in Mind: Toward a Sociology of Culture and Cognition. New York: Routledge.
[18] Cerulo, K. A. 2002a. "Establishing a Sociology of Culture and Cognition". In: Cerulo, K. A. (Ed.). Culture in Mind: Toward a Sociology of Culture and Cognition. New York: Routledge, 1–12.
[19] Cerulo, K. A. 2002b. "Discrimination and Classification: An Introduction". In: Cerulo, K. A. (Ed.). Culture in Mind: Toward a Sociology of Culture and Cognition. New York: Routledge, 57–62.
[20] Clark, A. 1998. Being There: Putting Brain, Body, and World Together Again. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
[21] Clark, A. 2008. Supersizing the Mind: Embodiment, Action, and Cognitive Extension. USA: Oxford University Press.
[22] Clifford, J. 1986. "On ethnographic Allegory". In: Clifford, J. – Marcus, G. (Eds.). Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of ethnography. Berkeley: University of California Press, 98–121.
[23] Coulter, J. 2008. "25 Thesis against Cognitivism". Theory, Culture & Society 25, 19–32. | DOI 10.1177/0263276407086789
[24] Coulter, J. – Sharrock, W. 2004. "ToM: A critical Commentary". Theory, Culture & Society 14, 580–600.
[25] Crane, T. 1999. "Mind-Body Problem". In: Wilson, R. A. – Keil, F. C (Eds.). The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 546–548.
[26] DiMaggio, P. 1997. "Culture and cognition". Annual Review of Sociology 23, 263–287. | DOI 10.1146/annurev.soc.23.1.263
[27] DiMaggio, P. 2002. "Why Cognitive (and Cultural) Sociology needs Cognitive psychology". In: Cerulo, K. A. (Ed.). Culture in Mind: Toward a Sociology of Culture and Cognition. New York: Routledge, 274–281.
[28] Geertz, C. 1973. "Thick Descrption: Toward an Interpretative theory of Culture". In: Geertz, C. (Ed.). The Interpretation of cultures. New York: Basic Books.
[29] Gell, A. 1998. Art and agency: An anthropological theory. Oxford: Claredon Press.
[30] Giddens, A. 1986. "Structure, System, Social Reproduction". In: Giddens, A. (Ed.). The Constitution of Society. Cambridge: Polity Press, 162–226.
[31] Goffman, E. 1986. Frame Analysis: An Essay on Organization of Experience. Boston: Northeastern University Press.
[32] Hamilton, R. 2008. "The Darwinian Cage: Evolutionary Psychology". Theory, Culture & Society 25, 105–125. | DOI 10.1177/0263276407086793
[33] Hirschfeld, L. A. 1999. "Naive Sociology". In: Wilson, R. A. – Keil, F. C. (Eds.). The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 579–581.
[34] Knappett, C. 2005. Thinking through Material Culture: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
[35] Knappett, C. – Malafouris, L. (Eds.). 2008. Material Agency towards Non-Anthropocentric Approach. Springer Science.
[36] Kroeber, A. – Kluckhohn, C. 1952. Culture. New York: Meridian Books.
[37] Latour, B. 1987. Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers Through Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[38] Latour, B. 2005. Reassembling the Social: An Introduction to Actor-Network-Theory. New York: Oxford University Press.
[39] Lawson, T. E. 2000. "Cognition", In: Braun, W. – McCutcheon, R. T. (Eds.). Guide to the study of religion. London – New York: Cassell, 75–85.
[40] Malafouris, L. – Renfrew, C. 2010. "The Cognitive Life of Things: Archeology, Material Engagement and the Extended Mind". In: Malafouris, L. – Renfrew, C. (Eds.). The Cognitive Life of Things: Recasting Boundaries of the Mind. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 1–12.
[41] Mannheim, K. 2008. Ideology and Utopy: An Introduction to the Sociology of Knowledge. Boston: Harcourt.
[42] Martin, L. H. 2000. "Comparison". In: Braun, W. – McCutcheon, R. T. (Eds.). Guide to the study of religion. London – New York: Cassell, 45–57.
[43] Pecher, D. – Zwaan, R. A. 2005. "Introduction to Grounding Cognition: The Role of Perception and Action in Memory, Language, and Thinking". In: Pecher, D. – Zwaan, R. A. (Eds.). Grounding Cognition: The role of Perception and Action in Memory, Language, and Thinking, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1–8.
[44] Popper, K. R. 1963. Conjectures and Refutations. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
[45] Popper, K. R. 1991. Objective Knowledge: An evolutionary Approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[46] Pyysiäinen, I. 2004. "Do Cultures Exist?". In: Pyysiäinen, I. (Ed.). Magic, Miracles, and Religion: A scientist's Perspective.Oxford: AltaMira Press. 219–231.
[47] Rosch, E. 1978. "Principles of categorization". In: Rosch, E. – Lloyd, B. B. (Eds.). Cognition and Categorization. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 27–48.
[48] Saler, B. 2001. "On what we may believe about beliefs". In: Andersen, J. (Ed.). Religion in Mind: Cognitive Perspectives on Religious Belief, Ritual and Experience. Cambridge University Press. 47–68.
[49] Scheler, M. 1960. Die Wissenformen un die Gesellschaft. Bern: Francke.
[50] Schütz, A. 1973. Collected Papers. Vol. 1, The Problem of Social Reality. Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.
[51] Shore, B. 1996. Culture in Mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[52] Sperber, D. 1994. "The modularity of thought and the epidemiology of representations". In: Hirschfeld, L. – Gelman, S. (Eds.). Mapping the mind: Domain Specificity in Cognition and Culture. New York: Cambridge University Press, 39–68.
[53] Sperber, D. 1996. "How to be a True Materialist in Anthropology". In: Sperber, D. (Ed.). Explaining culture: A Naturalistic Approach. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell. 9–31.
[54] Sperber, D. 1996a. "Interpreting and Explaining". In: Sperber, D. (Ed.). Explaining culture: A Naturalistic Approach. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 32–55.
[55] Sperber, D – Hirschfeld, L. 1999. "Culture, Cognition and Evolution". In: Wilson, R. A. – Keil, F. C. (Eds.). The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, CxI–CxxxII.
[56] Tomasello, M. 1999. The cultural origins of human cognition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
[57] Tooby, J. – Cosmides, L. 1989. "The innate versus the manifest: How universal does universal have to be?". Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12, 36–37. | DOI 10.1017/S0140525X00024249
[58] Tooby, J. – Cosmides, L. 1992."The Psychological foundations of Culture". In: Barkow, J. H. – Cosmides, L. – Tooby (Eds.). The adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and Generation of Culture. New York: Oxford University Press.
[59] Vaughan, D. 2002. "Signals and Interpretative Work: The role of Culture in a Theory and Practical Action". In: Cerulo, K. A. (Ed.). Culture in Mind: Toward a Sociology of Culture and Cognition. New York: Routledge, 28–54.
[60] Violi, P. 1999. "Semiotics and Cognition". In: Wilson, R. A. – Keil, F. C. (Eds.). The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 744–745.
[61] Wakefield. J. C. 2002. "Fixing a Foucault sandwich: Cognitive Universals and Cultural Particularities in the Concept of Mental Disorders". In: Cerulo, K. A. (Ed.). Culture in Mind: Toward a Sociology of Culture and Cognition. New York: Routledge, 245–266.
[62] Wiebe, D. in press. "Beneath the Surface of History?". In: Martin, L. H. – Sørensen, J. (Eds.). Past Minds: Studies in Cognitive Historiography. Equinox Pub, 167–176.
[63] Zerubavel. E. 1997. Social Mindscapes: And invitation to Cognitive Sociology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
[64] Zerubavel. E. 2002. "The elephant in the Room: Notes on the Social Organization of denial". In: Cerulo, K. A. (Ed.). Culture in Mind: Toward a Sociology of Culture and Cognition. New York: Routledge, 21–27.
[65] Zerubavel. E. 2003. Time Maps: Collective Memory and the Social Shape of the Past. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
[66] Cerulo, K. A. 2009. Culture and Cognition at the Intersection. Date of access: 6th of March, 2011. [http://www.ibiblio.org/culture/?q=node/39].