Liturgical screens, East and West : liminality and spiritual experience

By focusing on liturgical screens, this contribution addresses issues of liminality in medieval art and ritual performance in the Eastern and Western Christian traditions. Serving as shrines for the holiest spaces within church edifices, liturgical separations created areas of inclusion or exclusion for the diverse categories of actors. In both Byzantine and Roman rites, the history of the sanctuary and choir screen is intertwined with the congregation's experiential transition from the direct visual participation in rites to being confronted with increasingly high screens that concealed the holiest part of the celebration and facilitated the multisensory engagement in the liturgy. By assessing the nature of these barriers as liminal devices, this study emphasizes the role of church screens in shaping rituals and generating devotional responses.