Název: Intersubjective politeness in a Charlie Chan detective story : a case of intercultural faceWork
Zdrojový dokument: Brno studies in English. 2024, roč. 50, č. 1, s. 115-135
Rozsah
115-135
-
ISSN0524-6881 (print)1805-0867 (online)
Trvalý odkaz (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/BSE2024-1-7
Trvalý odkaz (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/digilib.81078
Type: Článek
Jazyk
Licence: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International
Přístupová práva
otevřený přístup
Upozornění: Tyto citace jsou generovány automaticky. Nemusí být zcela správně podle citačních pravidel.
Abstrakt(y)
This paper explores the representation of cultural identities in fictional dialogic interactions, focusing on a famous (and controversial) detective from the 1930s novels by E.D. Biggers, Charlie Chan, linked to the model minority Chinese stereotype, which implies traits like modesty and self-representation. Chan's (stereo)typical politeness is expressed in the dialogues that represent the backbone of the novels, involving the main character and his suspects. The fictional nature of the dialogues makes them particularly interesting, as the intercultural exchange is conceived by a Western author, who stages his characters complying with stereotyped models and with a view to the expectations of his intended (Western) audience. The dialogic interactions examined in this paper are from Bigger's novel The Black Camel (1929), and involve Chan and Tarneverro, an ambiguous character who offers his assistance to Chan, while remaining a suspect. In the dialogues, the two resort to recurring strategies which will be analyzed in the framework of intercultural politeness theories, with specific attention to their relevant linguistic traits. On the one hand, facework depends on their different roles in the investigation; on the other, different stereotypical cultural traits may lead to the exploitation of a different set of strategies.
Reference
[1] Arundale, Robert B. (2010) Constituting face in conversation: Face, facework, and interactional achievement. Journal of Pragmatics 42(8): 2078–2105.
[2] Arundale, Robert B. (2006) Face as relational and interactional: A communication framework for research on face, facework, and politeness. Journal of Politeness Research 2 (2): 193–216.
[3] Biggers, Earl Derr (2017 [1929]) The Black Camel. In: The Complete Charlie Chan Series – All 6 Mystery Novels in One Edition, by Earl Derr Biggers, 690–910. Chicago: OK Publishing Mosaicum Books.
[4] Biggers, Earl Derr (2017 [1925]) The House Without a Key. In: The Complete Charlie Chan Series - All 6 Mystery Novels in One Edition, by Earl Derr Biggers, 4–239. Chicago: OK Publishing Mosaicum Books.
[5] Brown, Penelope, and Stephen Levinson (1987) Politeness: Some universals in language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[6] Chang, Iris (2003) The Chinese in America: A Narrative History. New York: Viking.
[7] Chao, Melody M., Chi-yue Chiu, Wayne Chan, Rodolfo Mendoza-Denton, and Carolyn Kwok (2013) The Model Minority as a Shared Reality and Its Implication for Interracial Perceptions. Asian American Journal of Psychology 4: 84–92.
[8] Goffman, Erving (1967) On face-work. An analysis of ritual elements in social interaction. In: Interactional Ritual: Essays on Face-to-Face Behaviour, edited by Erving Goffman, 5–45. New York: Anchor Books.
[9] Greene, Naomi (2014) From Fu Manchu to Kung Fu Panda. Images of China in American Film. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
[10] Gu, Yueguo (1990) Politeness Phenomena in Modern Chinese. Journal of Pragmatics 14. 237–257.
[11] Held, Gudrun (2021) Face – ovvero: le facce di un concetto socio-pragmatico in chiave semantica ed epistemologica [Face - or the faces of a socio-pragmatic concept in a semantic and epistemological key] Studi Italiani di Linguistica Teorica ed Applicata 3. 630–647.
[12] Hinze, Carl G. (2012) «Chinese politeness is not about 'face:' Evidence from the business world.» Journal of Politeness Research 8. 11–27.
[13] Hu, Hsien Chin (1944) The Chinese Concepts of 'Face.' American Anthropologist 46 (1): 45–64.
[14] Huang, Yunte (2010) The Untold Story of the Honorable Detective and His Rendezvous with American History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
[15] Story of Yanxi Palace (2018) Kai Dong Hui, De Guang Wen, Hao Guo, and Mo Zhou.
[16] Kerbrat-Orecchioni, Catherine (2011) Politesse, impolitesse, 'non-politesse,' 'polirudesse:' aperçus théoriques et application aux débats politiques télévisuels. [Politeness, impoliteness, 'non-politeness,' 'polirudeness:' theoretical sights and applications in televised political debates] In: Cortesia – Politesse – Cortesía [Politeness] edited by Gudrun Held and Uta Helfrich, 93–116. Berlin: Peter Lang.
[17] Lee-Wong, S M. (1995) Undoing some effects of the Cultural Revolution - Chinese address forms. In: Undoing and Redoing Corpus Planning edited by Michael Clyne, 95–116. Boston: De Gruyter Mouton.
[18] Columbo (1968-1978). Richard Levinson and William Link.
[19] Locher, Miriam A. (2006) Polite behavior within relational work: The discursive approach to politeness. Multilingua 25: 249–267.
[20] Mao, LuMing Robert (1994) Beyond politeness theory: 'Face' revisited and renewed. Journal of Pragmatics 21. 451–486.
[21] Mok, Karen (1998) Getting the Message: Media Images and Stereotypes and Their Effect on Asian Americans. Cultural Diversity and Mental Health 4(3): 185–202.
[22] Ono, Kent A., and Vincent N. Pham (2009) Asian Americans and the Media. Cambridge: Polity Press.
[23] Ramos Pinto, Sara (2009) How important is the way you say it? A discussion on the translation of linguistic varieties. Target 21(2): 289–307.
[24] Santulli, Francesca (2011) Le regole della buona creanza: cortesia e prevaricazione nel dialogo manzoniano. [The rules of courtesy: politeness and prevarication in Manzoni's dialogues] In: Cortesia – Politesse – Cortesía [Politeness] edited by Gudrun Held and Uta Helfrich, 275–296. Berlin: Peter Lang.
[25] Shaw, Marion, and Sabine Vanacker (1991) Reflecting on Miss Marple. London: Routledge.
[26] Summers, Megan (2020) 10 Most Sinister Bela Lugosi Roles, Ranked. Bela Lugosi is a king of early horror, but what are the scariest roles he's taken on? From Charles Kessler to Dracula, here they are ranked. screenrant.org. 2020. https://screenrant.com/sinister-bela-lugosi-roles-ranked-dracula-phantom-ship/ (last visited December 24, 2022).
[27] Reset (2022) Mo Long Sun, Hong Yuan Liu and Suan Lao.
[28] Svennevig, Jan (1999) Getting Acquainted in Conversation. A study of initial interactions. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
[29] The Doctrine of the Mean by Confucius. MIT - The Internet Classics Archive. s.d. http://classics.mit.edu/Confucius/doctmean.html (last visited December 24, 2022).
[30] van Doorslaer, Luc, Peter Flynn, and Joep Leersen (2012) Interconnecting Translation Studies and Imagology. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing.
[31] Watts, Richard (2003) Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[32] Wu, Yongyi (1990) The usages of kinship address forms amongst non-kin in mandarin Chinese: The extension of family solidarity. Australian Journal of Linguistics 10(1): 61–88.
[33] Zhou, Ling, e Shaojie Zhang (2018) Reconstructing the Politeness Principle in Chinese: A response to Gu's approach. Intercultural Pragmatics 15(5): 693–721.
[34] 道德经 Dao De Jing – The Way and Its Power, Daodejing II.68. 溫 故 知 新 Wengu zhixin. Chinese Classics and Translations. s.d. http://wengu.tartarie.com/wg/wengu.php?l=Daodejing&no=68 (last visited December 24, 2022).
[2] Arundale, Robert B. (2006) Face as relational and interactional: A communication framework for research on face, facework, and politeness. Journal of Politeness Research 2 (2): 193–216.
[3] Biggers, Earl Derr (2017 [1929]) The Black Camel. In: The Complete Charlie Chan Series – All 6 Mystery Novels in One Edition, by Earl Derr Biggers, 690–910. Chicago: OK Publishing Mosaicum Books.
[4] Biggers, Earl Derr (2017 [1925]) The House Without a Key. In: The Complete Charlie Chan Series - All 6 Mystery Novels in One Edition, by Earl Derr Biggers, 4–239. Chicago: OK Publishing Mosaicum Books.
[5] Brown, Penelope, and Stephen Levinson (1987) Politeness: Some universals in language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[6] Chang, Iris (2003) The Chinese in America: A Narrative History. New York: Viking.
[7] Chao, Melody M., Chi-yue Chiu, Wayne Chan, Rodolfo Mendoza-Denton, and Carolyn Kwok (2013) The Model Minority as a Shared Reality and Its Implication for Interracial Perceptions. Asian American Journal of Psychology 4: 84–92.
[8] Goffman, Erving (1967) On face-work. An analysis of ritual elements in social interaction. In: Interactional Ritual: Essays on Face-to-Face Behaviour, edited by Erving Goffman, 5–45. New York: Anchor Books.
[9] Greene, Naomi (2014) From Fu Manchu to Kung Fu Panda. Images of China in American Film. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
[10] Gu, Yueguo (1990) Politeness Phenomena in Modern Chinese. Journal of Pragmatics 14. 237–257.
[11] Held, Gudrun (2021) Face – ovvero: le facce di un concetto socio-pragmatico in chiave semantica ed epistemologica [Face - or the faces of a socio-pragmatic concept in a semantic and epistemological key] Studi Italiani di Linguistica Teorica ed Applicata 3. 630–647.
[12] Hinze, Carl G. (2012) «Chinese politeness is not about 'face:' Evidence from the business world.» Journal of Politeness Research 8. 11–27.
[13] Hu, Hsien Chin (1944) The Chinese Concepts of 'Face.' American Anthropologist 46 (1): 45–64.
[14] Huang, Yunte (2010) The Untold Story of the Honorable Detective and His Rendezvous with American History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
[15] Story of Yanxi Palace (2018) Kai Dong Hui, De Guang Wen, Hao Guo, and Mo Zhou.
[16] Kerbrat-Orecchioni, Catherine (2011) Politesse, impolitesse, 'non-politesse,' 'polirudesse:' aperçus théoriques et application aux débats politiques télévisuels. [Politeness, impoliteness, 'non-politeness,' 'polirudeness:' theoretical sights and applications in televised political debates] In: Cortesia – Politesse – Cortesía [Politeness] edited by Gudrun Held and Uta Helfrich, 93–116. Berlin: Peter Lang.
[17] Lee-Wong, S M. (1995) Undoing some effects of the Cultural Revolution - Chinese address forms. In: Undoing and Redoing Corpus Planning edited by Michael Clyne, 95–116. Boston: De Gruyter Mouton.
[18] Columbo (1968-1978). Richard Levinson and William Link.
[19] Locher, Miriam A. (2006) Polite behavior within relational work: The discursive approach to politeness. Multilingua 25: 249–267.
[20] Mao, LuMing Robert (1994) Beyond politeness theory: 'Face' revisited and renewed. Journal of Pragmatics 21. 451–486.
[21] Mok, Karen (1998) Getting the Message: Media Images and Stereotypes and Their Effect on Asian Americans. Cultural Diversity and Mental Health 4(3): 185–202.
[22] Ono, Kent A., and Vincent N. Pham (2009) Asian Americans and the Media. Cambridge: Polity Press.
[23] Ramos Pinto, Sara (2009) How important is the way you say it? A discussion on the translation of linguistic varieties. Target 21(2): 289–307.
[24] Santulli, Francesca (2011) Le regole della buona creanza: cortesia e prevaricazione nel dialogo manzoniano. [The rules of courtesy: politeness and prevarication in Manzoni's dialogues] In: Cortesia – Politesse – Cortesía [Politeness] edited by Gudrun Held and Uta Helfrich, 275–296. Berlin: Peter Lang.
[25] Shaw, Marion, and Sabine Vanacker (1991) Reflecting on Miss Marple. London: Routledge.
[26] Summers, Megan (2020) 10 Most Sinister Bela Lugosi Roles, Ranked. Bela Lugosi is a king of early horror, but what are the scariest roles he's taken on? From Charles Kessler to Dracula, here they are ranked. screenrant.org. 2020. https://screenrant.com/sinister-bela-lugosi-roles-ranked-dracula-phantom-ship/ (last visited December 24, 2022).
[27] Reset (2022) Mo Long Sun, Hong Yuan Liu and Suan Lao.
[28] Svennevig, Jan (1999) Getting Acquainted in Conversation. A study of initial interactions. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
[29] The Doctrine of the Mean by Confucius. MIT - The Internet Classics Archive. s.d. http://classics.mit.edu/Confucius/doctmean.html (last visited December 24, 2022).
[30] van Doorslaer, Luc, Peter Flynn, and Joep Leersen (2012) Interconnecting Translation Studies and Imagology. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing.
[31] Watts, Richard (2003) Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[32] Wu, Yongyi (1990) The usages of kinship address forms amongst non-kin in mandarin Chinese: The extension of family solidarity. Australian Journal of Linguistics 10(1): 61–88.
[33] Zhou, Ling, e Shaojie Zhang (2018) Reconstructing the Politeness Principle in Chinese: A response to Gu's approach. Intercultural Pragmatics 15(5): 693–721.
[34] 道德经 Dao De Jing – The Way and Its Power, Daodejing II.68. 溫 故 知 新 Wengu zhixin. Chinese Classics and Translations. s.d. http://wengu.tartarie.com/wg/wengu.php?l=Daodejing&no=68 (last visited December 24, 2022).