Žena v islámské kultuře

In polemics between defenders of Western and Muslim social concepts both parties feel that they speak on behalf of their essential values. The former consider equality of women an important part of human rights. The latter claim that the sharīʿa protecte the dignity of woman and stability of family much better than the Western liberalism. -- In the paper an attempt is made to assess the position of woman in Islam from all relevant angles, starting from the core of religious beliefs. The Qur'ānic view has been recently reexamined by Riffat Hassan in what might be termed an attempt at introducing a Muslim feminist theology. In her reading of the Qur'ān, a message of equality and justice is shown i.a. through the absence of any mention of a creation from Adant's rib and through Allah's use of the grammatical dual number when addressing the first couple. The paper further discusses distinguished women in the Qur'ān (Mariam), in Muhammad's life and in Sufism (Rabīʿa), the refutation of female deities (related to the "satanic verses") and popular elaborations on demonic features of the Queen of Sheba (Bilqīs). ...