Lacertus in der Geschichte der anatomischen Nomenklatur

Název: Lacertus in der Geschichte der anatomischen Nomenklatur
Variantní název:
  • Lacertus in the history of anatomical nomenclature
Zdrojový dokument: Graeco-Latina Brunensia. 2016, roč. 21, č. 2, s. 317-327
Rozsah
317-327
  • ISSN
    1803-7402 (print)
    2336-4424 (online)
Type: Článek
Jazyk
Licence: Neurčená licence
 

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Abstrakt(y)
In Classical Latin lacertus was a polysemic word which in addition to meaning "lizard" had the meaning "muscle" and so especially in anatomy "(upper arm) muscle, upper arm, arm". In the Middle Ages, semantic narrowing of lacertus began and the word referred mostly to the muscle. At the same time, a distinction was made between musculus and lacertus, but often without clear criteria for distinguishing between them. Great modern history anatomists, beginning with Andreas Vesalius, presented, in addition to the expression musculus, other terms for muscle – lacertus and pisciculus – but they showed a preference for musculus. In the 18th century, there was a further semantic reduction of lacertus to "little bundle of muscle fibers, fasciculus". In 1694, William Cowper was the first to describe the aponeurosis of bicipital muscle calling it fascia tendinosa. Later, other terms were also used for this structure. In 1864, Josef Hyrtl added the synonymous term lacertus fibrosus to the German aponeurotisches Fascikel. Finally, this term (lacertus fibrosus) became part of the first unified anatomical nomenclature, BNA in 1895. The synonym aponeurosis m. bicipitis brachii was added in the Paris anatomical nomenclature of 1955 and these two terms have persisted in the official anatomical nomenclature to this day.
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