Article
| Title: | Poločas rozpadu? Dvojí štěpení daytonské Bosny a Hercegoviny |
| Variant title: | Half a life: bipolar divisions within post-Dayton Bosnia-Herzegovina |
| Author: | |
| Source document: | Porta Balkanica. 2018, vol. 10, iss. 1-2, pp. [5]-20 |
| Extent: | [5]-20 |
| ISSN: | 1804-2449 |
| Type: | Article (Czech) |
| Stable URL: | http://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/138943 |
| License: |
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Abstract(s):
This paper analyzes two key questions: first, why nationalist parties have been dominating Bosnian politics since its declaration of independence in 1992 and, second, why this republic has been in a state of prolonged paralysis since the end of the war in 1995. Based on an analysis of the post-Dayton era, this study demonstrates that the roots of ongoing difficulties in Bosnia-Herzegovina lie in arguments about Bosnian independence and administration of the country. Because of these controversies, Bosnia-Herzegovina erupted in riots and eventually war in 1992. The Dayton Peace Agreement succeeded in reducing actual combats among the three constitutive nations, but the peacebuilding process failed to settle these arguments. Bosnian society remains divided between those who support an ethnic arrangement of the country, and those who prefer a civic arrangement. Another division is between those who are socially marginalized and those who participate effectively in the post-Dayton political system.
Studie analyzuje okolnosti, proč na politické scéně Bosny a Hercegoviny dominují od jejího vzniku nacionalisticky orientované politické strany, a proč se tento stát ve své novodobé poválečné historii setrvale točí v bludném kruhu. Analýza postdaytonského vývoje přitom jednoznačně napovídá, že kořeny potíží, v jakých se tato ex-jugoslávská republika od okamžiku svého vzniku v roce 1992 nachází, je nutno hledat především v odlišných postojích jejích občanů k otázce nezávislosti této země a jejímu vnitřnímu uspořádání. Kvůli rozporům vypukl na počátku 90. let vleklý konflikt, jehož mírové řešení dokázalo protikladné postoje bojujících stran reprezentovaných třemi konstitutivními národy k BaH pouze zredukovat, nikoliv však kompletně odstranit. Bosenskohercegovinská společnost je tak rozštěpená nejen mezi zastánce etnického a občanského přístupu k uspořádání státu, ale i mezi sociálně marginalizované občany a ty, kteří na daytonském politickém systému efektivně participují.
Studie analyzuje okolnosti, proč na politické scéně Bosny a Hercegoviny dominují od jejího vzniku nacionalisticky orientované politické strany, a proč se tento stát ve své novodobé poválečné historii setrvale točí v bludném kruhu. Analýza postdaytonského vývoje přitom jednoznačně napovídá, že kořeny potíží, v jakých se tato ex-jugoslávská republika od okamžiku svého vzniku v roce 1992 nachází, je nutno hledat především v odlišných postojích jejích občanů k otázce nezávislosti této země a jejímu vnitřnímu uspořádání. Kvůli rozporům vypukl na počátku 90. let vleklý konflikt, jehož mírové řešení dokázalo protikladné postoje bojujících stran reprezentovaných třemi konstitutivními národy k BaH pouze zredukovat, nikoliv však kompletně odstranit. Bosenskohercegovinská společnost je tak rozštěpená nejen mezi zastánce etnického a občanského přístupu k uspořádání státu, ale i mezi sociálně marginalizované občany a ty, kteří na daytonském politickém systému efektivně participují.
Keywords:
Bosnia-Herzegovina; Dayton; coexistence; ethnic vs. civic arrangement of society; elections
Bosna a Hercegovina; Dayton; koexistence; etnické versus občanské uspořádání společnosti; volby; perspektivy
Bosna a Hercegovina; Dayton; koexistence; etnické versus občanské uspořádání společnosti; volby; perspektivy
Note:
Tento text vznikl za podpory projektů PRIMUS/HUM/12 a Centra pro transdisciplinární výzkum násilí, traumatu a spravedlnosti poskytovaného Univerzitou Karlovou (UNCE/HUM/009).
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