Název: The 'imaginary' Métis in Margaret Laurence's Manawaka
Zdrojový dokument: Variations on community: the Canadian space. Otrísalová, Lucia (editor); Martonyi, Éva (editor). 1st edition Brno: Masaryk University, 2013, pp. 81-92
Rozsah
81-92
Trvalý odkaz (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/digilib.81400
Typ
Článek
Jazyk
anglicky
Přístupová práva
otevřený přístup
Licence: Neurčená licence
Popis
According to The Cambridge Companion to Canadian Literature, Margaret Laurence's Manawaka cycle "presents a history of the Canadian West in the feminine" (Howells 199), due to the famous white female protagonists. Nevertheless, this article brings to the fore the Métis women present in her prairie books. Paraphrasing Daniel Francis's theory, the Métis should no longer be stereotyped and perceived as a "White man's fantasy" (5), but accepted as simply distinct. Laurence allows various voices to be articulated within her texts and I have undertaken the role to comment on how the voice of the marginal, "the other," makes itself heard throughout her books. The aim of this analysis is to speak about the oppression and the double (or triple) colonisation of the non-white women, depicted as secondary characters or not commonly analysed in racial terms.
D'après le Cambridge Companion to Canadian Literature, le cycle Manawaka de Margaret Laurence « présente une histoire du Ouest Canadien au féminin » (Howells 199), grâce à ses protagonistes féminines blanches. Cependant, cet article met en évidence les femmes Métisses présentes dans les livres de prairie. En paraphrasant la théorie de Daniel Francis, les Métis ne devraient plus être stéréotypés et perçus comme « la fantaisie del'homme blanc » (5), mais acceptés tout simplement comme distincts. Laurence permet à des voix variées d'être articulées dans ses textes et j'ai pris le rôle de commenter la manière dont la voix du marginal, « l'autre », se fait entendre partout dans ses livres. Le but de cette analyse est de parler de l'oppression et de la double colonisation des femmes non-blanches, décrites comme des personnages secondaires ou pas habituellement analysées, d'après la communauté dont elles font partie.
Reference
[1] Atwood, Margaret. Survival: A Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart Inc., 1996. Print.
[2] Atwood, Margaret. "Face to Face." A Place to Stand On. Essays by and about Margaret Laurence. Ed. George Woodcock. Edmonton: NeWest Press, 1983. 20–27. Print.
[3] Boyden, Joseph. Louis Riel & Gabriel Dumont. Toronto: Penguin Group, 2010. Print.
[4] Brown, Jennifer S.H. "Woman as Centre and Symbol in the Emergence of Métis Communities." The Canadian Journal of Native Studies 3.1 (1983): 39–46. Print.
[5] Buss, Helen M. Mother and Daughter Relationships in the Manawaka Works of Margaret Laurence. Victoria: University of Victoria, 1985. Print.
[6] Campbell, Maria. Halfbreed. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Limited, 1973. Print.
[7] Fabre, Michel. "From The Stone Angel to The Diviners: An Interview with Margaret Laurence." A Place to Stand On. Essays by and about Margaret Laurence. Ed. George Woodcock. Edmonton: NeWest Press, 1983. 193–209. Print.
[8] Francis, Daniel. The Imaginary Indian: The Image of the Indian in Canadian Culture. Vancouver: Arsenal Pulp Press. 2004. Print.
[9] Fulton, Keith Louise. "Feminism and Humanism: Margaret Laurence and the 'Crisis of Imagination'." Crossing the River: Essays in Honour of Margaret Laurence. Ed.Kristjana Gunnars. Winnipeg: Turnstone Press, 1988. 99–120. Print.
[10] Howells, Coral Ann. "Writing by Women". The Cambridge Companion to Canadian Literature.Ed. Eva-Marie Kröller. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. 194–215. Print.
[11] Kienetz, Alvin. "The Rise and Decline of Hybrid (Métis) Societies on the Frontier of Western Canada and Southern Africa." The Canadian Journal of Native Studies 3.1 (1983): 3–21. Print.
[12] Laroque, Emma. "Native Identity and the Métis: Otehpayimsuak Peoples." A Passion for Identity: Canadian Studies for the 21st Century. 4th ed. Eds. David Taras and Beverly Rasporich. Ontario: Nelson Thomson Learning, 2001. 381–99. Print.
[13] Laurence, Margaret. A Bird in the House. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1989. Print.
[14] Laurence, Margaret. The Diviners. London: Virago Press, 1989. Print.
[15] Laurence, Margaret. The Fire-Dwellers. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart Inc., 1988. Print.
[16] Laurence, Margaret. Heart of a Stranger. Toronto: Seal Books, McClelland and Stewart-Bantam Limited, 1980. Print.
[17] Laurence, Margaret. "Ivory Tower or Grassroots?: The Novelist as Socio-Political Being." A Political Art. Essays and Images in Honour of George Woodcock. Ed. William H. New. Vancouver: The University of British Columbia, 1978. 15–25. Print.
[18] Monkman, Leslie. A Native Heritage. Images of the Indian in English-Canadian Literature. Toronto, Buffalo, London: University of Toronto Press. 1981. Print.
[19] Morley, Patricia. Margaret Laurence. The Long Journey Home. Montreal and Kingston, London, Buffalo: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1991. Print.
[20] Powers, Lyall. H. Alien Heart: The Life and Work of Margaret Laurence. Michigan: Michigan State University Press, 2004. Print.
[21] Said, Edward W. Orientalism. London: Penguin Books, 1991. Print.
[22] Woodcock, George. Gabriel Dumont. The Métis Chief and His Lost World. Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers, 1975. Print.
[2] Atwood, Margaret. "Face to Face." A Place to Stand On. Essays by and about Margaret Laurence. Ed. George Woodcock. Edmonton: NeWest Press, 1983. 20–27. Print.
[3] Boyden, Joseph. Louis Riel & Gabriel Dumont. Toronto: Penguin Group, 2010. Print.
[4] Brown, Jennifer S.H. "Woman as Centre and Symbol in the Emergence of Métis Communities." The Canadian Journal of Native Studies 3.1 (1983): 39–46. Print.
[5] Buss, Helen M. Mother and Daughter Relationships in the Manawaka Works of Margaret Laurence. Victoria: University of Victoria, 1985. Print.
[6] Campbell, Maria. Halfbreed. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Limited, 1973. Print.
[7] Fabre, Michel. "From The Stone Angel to The Diviners: An Interview with Margaret Laurence." A Place to Stand On. Essays by and about Margaret Laurence. Ed. George Woodcock. Edmonton: NeWest Press, 1983. 193–209. Print.
[8] Francis, Daniel. The Imaginary Indian: The Image of the Indian in Canadian Culture. Vancouver: Arsenal Pulp Press. 2004. Print.
[9] Fulton, Keith Louise. "Feminism and Humanism: Margaret Laurence and the 'Crisis of Imagination'." Crossing the River: Essays in Honour of Margaret Laurence. Ed.Kristjana Gunnars. Winnipeg: Turnstone Press, 1988. 99–120. Print.
[10] Howells, Coral Ann. "Writing by Women". The Cambridge Companion to Canadian Literature.Ed. Eva-Marie Kröller. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. 194–215. Print.
[11] Kienetz, Alvin. "The Rise and Decline of Hybrid (Métis) Societies on the Frontier of Western Canada and Southern Africa." The Canadian Journal of Native Studies 3.1 (1983): 3–21. Print.
[12] Laroque, Emma. "Native Identity and the Métis: Otehpayimsuak Peoples." A Passion for Identity: Canadian Studies for the 21st Century. 4th ed. Eds. David Taras and Beverly Rasporich. Ontario: Nelson Thomson Learning, 2001. 381–99. Print.
[13] Laurence, Margaret. A Bird in the House. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1989. Print.
[14] Laurence, Margaret. The Diviners. London: Virago Press, 1989. Print.
[15] Laurence, Margaret. The Fire-Dwellers. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart Inc., 1988. Print.
[16] Laurence, Margaret. Heart of a Stranger. Toronto: Seal Books, McClelland and Stewart-Bantam Limited, 1980. Print.
[17] Laurence, Margaret. "Ivory Tower or Grassroots?: The Novelist as Socio-Political Being." A Political Art. Essays and Images in Honour of George Woodcock. Ed. William H. New. Vancouver: The University of British Columbia, 1978. 15–25. Print.
[18] Monkman, Leslie. A Native Heritage. Images of the Indian in English-Canadian Literature. Toronto, Buffalo, London: University of Toronto Press. 1981. Print.
[19] Morley, Patricia. Margaret Laurence. The Long Journey Home. Montreal and Kingston, London, Buffalo: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1991. Print.
[20] Powers, Lyall. H. Alien Heart: The Life and Work of Margaret Laurence. Michigan: Michigan State University Press, 2004. Print.
[21] Said, Edward W. Orientalism. London: Penguin Books, 1991. Print.
[22] Woodcock, George. Gabriel Dumont. The Métis Chief and His Lost World. Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers, 1975. Print.